Information About Knee Replacement Surgery for Patients and Their
Families
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Life After Knee Replacement
Knee Arthritis
If you suffer from knee pain, it’s possible you have arthritis. Knee arthritis
is caused by the deterioration of cartilage in the knee joint. The two most
common types of knee arthritis are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is a progressive, degenerative disease in which the cartilage of
the knee slowly wears away. Cartilage serves as insulation between the bones of
the joint, and when the cartilage of the knee joint wears away due to
osteoarthritis, the resulting pain and inflammation can be debilitating.
Your chances of osteoarthritis of the knee increase with age; the condition
most often affects middle-aged and older people. Osteoarthritis may first
appear between the ages of 30 and 40, though symptoms may not be present in the
early stages. By the age of 70 almost everyone will have this type of knee
arthritis.
Causes
The question of what causes osteoarthritis of the knee has not been answered.
Prior knee injuries seem to increase the likelihood of osteoarthritis, but many
people with knee arthritis have never had a serious knee injury. Osteoarthritis
is the most common form of arthritis, and many people have a genetic
predisposition to this chronic disease.
Symptoms
The primary symptoms of osteoarthritis are pain in the knee, swelling and
stiffening of the knee joint. In the early stages of osteoarthritis the pain
may be mainly associated with activity. As the cartilage wears away and the
bones of the joint rub against each other, pain can become more severe and
constant, interfering with regular daily activities and disrupting sleep.
Treatment
In the early stages of osteoarthritis, treatment may involve several
techniques. Behavioral and lifestyle changes including losing weight and
changing routines to avoid painful situations can be very effective in
relieving pain. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as naproxen
sodium may also provide relief from pain. Cox-2 inhibitors are also effective
in providing knee arthritis pain relief. Physical therapy may improve muscle
strength and joint mobility, reducing the symptoms of osteoarthritis in the
knee. Joint fluid therapy such as SUPARTZ* brand hyaluronic acid may lubricate
the knee and reduce the pain and swelling of the joint. Partial or total knee
replacement surgery may be necessary as the disease progresses and daily
functioning becomes more impaired.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Unlike osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid knee arthritis involves inflammation of the
lining of the joints, known as the synovium. Though less common than
osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis is among the most debilitating of the over
one hundred forms of arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis usually develops in middle
age, but may occur in the 20s and 30s.
Causes
The exact cause of rheumatoid arthritis is unknown. It’s possible that a virus
or bacteria may trigger the disease in people with a genetic predisposition to
rheumatoid arthritis. Many doctors think rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune
disease in which the tissue of the joint’s lining is attacked by the body’s
immune system. It’s also possible that rheumatoid arthritis is caused by severe
stress. The disease sometimes occurs after a life-changing event such as
divorce, loss of a job or a severe injury.
Symptoms
The primary symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis include pain and swelling in the
joints and difficulty moving. Other symptoms may include loss of appetite,
fever, loss of energy, anemia, and rheumatoid nodules (lumps of tissue under
the skin).
Treatment
Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis usually involves medications such as NSAIDs,
aspirin and analgesics. In severe cases, surgery may be indicated to replace
the knee joint with an artificial joint.
If you think you may have arthritis of the knee, contact your doctor for a
complete evaluation and a discussion of the options available for treatment.
